|
George Fadlo Hourani (June 3, 1913 – September 19, 1984) was a British philosopher, historian, and classicist. He is best known for his work in Islamic philosophy, which focused on classical Islamic rationalism and ethics. ==Biography== George Hourani was born into a prosperous British family of Lebanese Christian extraction in Didsbury, Manchester. He was the fourth of six children, having three older sisters and two younger brothers. His brothers were Albert Hourani and Cecil Hourani. George spent his early years studying Greek and Latin language and literature, winning successive scholarships at the Mill Hill School and Balliol College, Oxford, and developing an interest in philosophy and international affairs. A subsequent trip to the Near East influenced his decision to pursue a doctoral degree in Oriental Studies at Princeton University, where Philip Hitti would first suggest a focus on Islamic philosophy.〔Marmura, Michael E. Introduction. ''Islamic Theology and Philosophy: Studies in Honor of George F. Hourani.'' Albany: SUNY Press, 1984. 1–10.〕 Upon completing his dissertation on 9th and 10th century Arab seafaring, Hourani secured a lecturing position at the Government Arab College in Jerusalem, Palestine, which he held until the end of the mandate in 1948. In 1950, Hourani was invited to join the newly founded Department of Near Eastern Studies at the University of Michigan, where he would reside until 1967. At Michigan, Hourani began to more seriously explore ethics and Islamic philosophy, contributing the definitive ''Averroes on the Harmony of Religion and Philosophy'' and beginning to explore the Mu'tazilite ethics of Abd al-Jabbar. This work would be continued after 1967 in the University at Buffalo Department of Philosophy, where Hourani would teach until his retirement. In 1971, his work on Abd al-Jabbar was published. That summer, however, a latent cardiac condition led to the first of two heart attacks. The second, in 1977, would require surgery. Nonetheless, Hourani continued to teach, travel, and write, becoming President of the American Oriental Society in 1978, lecturing at UCLA in 1979, and being recognized as a Distinguished Professor of Islamic Thought and Civilization in 1980. He retired in 1983 and, as a result of his heart condition, died in September 1984.〔Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 105, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1985), pp. 3-6〕 His final book and final contribution, ''Reason and Tradition in Islamic Ethics,'' was published posthumously the next year. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「George Hourani」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|